Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, popularly known by his nickname Abu Bakr was a senior companion (Sahabi) and the father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph...
Umar, also spelled Omar, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Umar Son of Al-Khattab, was one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs (rulers) in history. He was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He succeeded Abu Bakr (632634) as t...
Al-Mansur was the second Abbasid Caliph from 136 AH to 158 AH (754 AD 775 AD). He is generally regarded as the real founder of the Abbasid Caliphate.
In 762 he founded as new imperial residence and palace city Madinat as-Salam (the ci...
Abd al-Rahman I was the founder of a Muslim dynasty that ruled the greater part of Iberia for nearly three centuries (including the succeeding Caliphate of Córdoba). The Muslims called the regions of Iberia under their dominion al-Andalus....
Abd-ar-Rahman III was the Emir and Caliph of Córdoba (912961) of the Ummayad dynasty in al-Andalus. Called al-Nasir li-Din Allah ("the Defender of God's Faith"), he ascended the throne in his early 20s, and reigned for half a century as...
