Timeline : 19th Century
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The Cyrus Cylinder
The Cyrus Cylinder, discovered in 1879 and now in the British Museum, is one of the most famous cuneiform texts, because it was once believed that it confirmed what the Bible says: that in 539 BCE, th... |
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Behistun Inscription, Darius I
The Behistun Inscription is to cuneiform what the Rosetta Stone is to Egyptian hieroglyphs: the document most crucial in the decipherment of a previously lost script. It is located in the Kermanshah P... |
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Henry Cavendish, Discovery of Hydrogen
Henry Cavendish was a British scientist noted for his discovery of hydrogen or what he called "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion, in a 176... |
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John Adams, 2nd US President
John Adams was the second President of the United States of America. He was President from 1797 until 1801. His Vice-President was Thomas Jefferson. Adams belonged to the Federalist Party. John Adams... |
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James Watt, Engineer
James Watt's improvements in 1769 and 1784 to the steam engine converted a machine of limited use, to one of efficiency and many applications. It was the foremost energy source in the emerging Industr... |
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Joseph Banks, Patron of the Natural Sciences
Sir Joseph Banks was an British naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage (1768–1771). Banks is credited with the introduction to... |
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Thomas Jefferson, 3rd US President
Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom, third president of the United States 1801-1809, and founder of the University of Virginia... |
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Edward Jenner, Smallpox Vaccine - 1796
Jenner was an English physician and pupil of John Hunter, a pioneer in comparative anatomy and morphology. Jenner's invaluable experiments, beginning in 1796 with the vaccination of eight-year-old Jam... |
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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
German poet, novelist, playwright, courtier, and natural philosopher, one of the greatest figures in Western literature. Throughout his life Goethe was interested in a variety of studies and pursuits.... |
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Luigi Cherubini, Composer
Italian-French composer. Born into a musical family, the precocious youth had written dozens of works before he was 20 years old. In 1786 he settled permanently in Paris. He enjoyed operatic successes... |
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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The Industrial Revolution was a period of the 18th century marked by social and technological change in which manufacturing began to rely on steam power, fueled primarily by coal, rather than on anima... |
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Talleyrand, Prince of Diplomats
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord, Prince de Benevente, the Prince of Diplomats, was a French diplomat. He worked successfully from the regime of Louis XVI, through the French Revolution and then... |
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William Blake, Poet and Painter
William Blake was a British poet, painter, visionary mystic, and engraver, who illustrated and printed his own books. Blake proclaimed the supremacy of the imagination over the rationalism and materia... |
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Charles X of France
Charles X ruled as King of France and Navarre from 20 May 1824 until the French Revolution of 1830, when he abdicated. He was the last king of the senior Bourbon line to reign over France.... |
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James Monroe, 5th US President
James Monroe was the fifth President of the United States (1817-1825), and the fourth Virginian to hold the office. Monroe, a close ally of Thomas Jefferson was a diplomat who supported the French Rev... |
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