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Select > Who • What • When • Where • Which |
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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION > 
The Industrial Revolution was a period of the 18th century marked by social and technological change in which manufacturing began to rely on steam power, fueled primarily by coal, rather than on animal labor, or on water or wind power; and by a shift from artisans who made complete products to factories in which each worker completed a single stage in the manufacturing process. Improvements in transportation encouraged the rapid pace of change.
The causes of the Industrial Revolution remain a topic for debate with some historians seeing it as an outgrowth from the social changes of the Enlightenment and the colonial expansion of the 17th century.
The Industrial Revolution began in the English Midlands and spread throughout England and into continental Europe and the northern United States in the 19th century.
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More on this Website >
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialism
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The Rosetta Stone, Found in 1799
The Rosetta Stone, a black basalt slab bearing an inscription that was the key to the deciphering of Egyptian hieroglyphics and thus to the foundation of modern Egyptolog... |
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Savery, Inventor Steam Engine - 1698
Thomas Savery was an English inventor. Initially interested in naval applications of engineering (he designed an early paddle-wheel), Savery then became interested in pum... |
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Adam Smith, Economist
Smith moved to London in 1776, where he published "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations," which examined in detail the consequences of economic... |
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Immanuel Kant, German Philosopher
One of the greatest figures in the history of Metaphysics. After 1755 he taught at the Univ. of Knigsberg and achieved wide renown through his teachings and writings. Ac... |
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George Washington, 1st US President
On April 30, 1789, George Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York, took his oath of office as the first President of the United St... |
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James Watt, Engineer
James Watt's improvements in 1769 and 1784 to the steam engine converted a machine of limited use, to one of efficiency and many applications. It was the foremost energy... |
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Luigi Galvani
Galvani was born, educated and taught anatomy in Bologna. The Italian physiologist made one of the early discoveries that advanced the study of electricity. His work with... |
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Lavoisier, Father of Modern Chemistry
Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was, amongst others, a chemist, economist, and public servant. He is most noted for his discovery of the role oxygen plays in combustion. Lavois... |
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Thomas Jefferson, 3rd US President
Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom, third president of the United States 1801-1809, and founder... |
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Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
German poet, novelist, playwright, courtier, and natural philosopher, one of the greatest figures in Western literature. Throughout his life Goethe was interested in a va... |
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Louis XVI, Guillotined 1793
Louis XVI was King of France and Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then King of the French in 1791-1792. Suspended and arrested during the insurrection of the 10th of Aug... |
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
He showed musical gifts at a very early age, composing when he was five and when he was six playing before the Bavarian elector and the Austrian empress. Leopold felt tha... |
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William Blake, Poet and Painter
William Blake was a British poet, painter, visionary mystic, and engraver, who illustrated and printed his own books. Blake proclaimed the supremacy of the imagination ov... |
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Horatio Nelson, Admiral
200 years after his death, Horatio Nelson is still Britain's most popular hero. Nelson's great victories at the Nile (1 August 1798) and Copenhagen (2 April 1801) made h... |
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Mary Wollstonecraft, Feminist
Wollstonecraft's lasting place in the history of philosophy rests upon A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792). In this classical feminist text, she appealed to egali... |
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Joseph Niépce, Inventor of Photography
When the craze for the newly invented art of lithography swept France in 1813, it naturally attracted Joseph's attention. Unable to draw well, he placed engravings, made... |
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Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of France
Napoléon Bonaparte was general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as First Consul of the French Republic from 11 November 1799 to 18 May 1804, Emperor of t... |
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Declaration of Independence, 4th of July
The Declaration of Independence has been described as the most important document in human history. Here, in the memorable language of the famous preamble, a hundred and... |
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Lord Byron, Poet
George Gordon Noel Byron, 6th Baron Byron, was among the most famous of the English 'Romantic' poets; his contemporaries included Percy Shelley and John Keats. He was al... |
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Michael Faraday, Producing Electricity
Faraday's research into electricity and electrolysis was guided by the belief that electricity is only one of the many manifestations of the unified forces of nature, whi... |
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Hans Christian Andersen
Andersen's literary fame grew rapidly from the mid-1830's, when his novels enjoyed widespread circulation in Germany. From 1839 onwards it was the fairy-tales that create... |
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Charles Darwin, Evolution Theory
Charles Robert Darwin was an English naturalist whose revolutionary theory laid the foundation for both the modern theory of evolution and the principle of common descent... |
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Abraham Lincoln, 16th US President
Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States (1861-1865), guided his country through the most devastating experience in its national history-the CIVIL WAR (18... |
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Charles Dickens
Dickens' ability to capture the imagination of his audience, many of them new to fiction due to a rise in literacy during the industrial revolution, was due largely to hi... |
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Richard Wagner
Der Ring des Nibelungen ("The Ring of the Nibelung", "The Nibelung's Ring", or simply, "The Ring") consists of four musico-dramatic works. These four works constitute a w... |
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Karl Marx, Founder Communism
Karl Marx, with Friedrich Engels, a founder of modern socialism and communism. The son of a lawyer, he studied law and philosophy; he rejected the idealism of Hegel but w... |
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Victoria, Queen of England
Victoria was the daughter of Edward, the Duke of Kent and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg. She was born in Kensington Palace in London on May 24th, 1819.
In 1837 Qu... |
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Herman Melville, Writer of Moby Dick
American author, best-known for his novels of the sea and his masterpiece MOBY-DICK (1851), a whaling adventure dedicated to Nathaniel Hawthorne. "I have written a wicked... |
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Paul Kruger, President of Transvaal
Paul Kruger was instrumental in negotiations with the British, which later led to the restoration of Transvaal as an independent state under British rule.
In 1882, th... |
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Jules Verne
Jules Verne, French writer and pioneer of science fiction, whose best known works today are Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea(1870) and Around the World in Eighty D... |
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Leo Tolstoy, Russian Writer
Count Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist and philosopher, considered one of the world's greatest writers.
About 1876 the doubts that had beset Tolstoy since youth, fed by h... |
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Maxwell, Light is an Electromagnetic Wave
James Maxwell's most important achievement was his extension and mathematical formulation of Michael Faraday's theories of electricity and magnetic lines of force. In his... |
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Edouard Manet, Impressionist
French painter and printmaker who in his own work accomplished the transition from the realism of Gustave Courbet to Impressionism. Manet broke new ground in choosing su... |
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Paul Cézanne, Postimpressionist
Paul Cézanne, French painter, one of the greatest of the Postimpressionists, whose works and ideas were influential in the aesthetic development of many 20th-century arti... |
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Vincent van Gogh
One of the four great Post-impressionists (along with Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, and Paul Cézanne), Vincent van Gogh is generally considered the greatest Dutch painter... |
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Rudolf Diesel, Inventor Diesel Engine 1893
Born in Paris of Bavarian parents, Diesel studied at Munich Polytechnic. He began his career as a refrigerator engineer. For ten years he worked on various heat engines,... |
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Statue of Liberty, New York
"Wouldn't it be wonderful if people in France gave the United States a great monument as a lasting memorial to independence and thereby showed that the French government... |
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The Eiffel Tower, Paris
The plan to build a tower 300 metres high was conceived as part of preparations for the World's Fair of 1889. Emile Nouguier and Maurice Koechlin, the two chief engineers... |
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IOC : The Modern Olympic Games
Greece was the birthplace of the ancient Olympic Games. The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896. The International Olympic Committee was founded on 23... |
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20th CENTURY
The twentieth century was remarkable due to the technological, medical, social, ideological, and international innovations, and due to the rise of war, genocide, and demo... |
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