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Select > Who • What • When • Where • Which • Widgets |
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ENLIGHTENMENT > 
The Age of Enlightenment was an intellectual movement in 18th-century Europe. The goal of the Enlightenment was to establish an authoritative ethics, aesthetics, and knowledge based on an "enlightened" rationality. The movement's leaders viewed themselves as a courageous, elite body of intellectuals who were leading the world toward progress, out of a long period of irrationality, superstition, and tyranny which began during a historical period they called the Dark Ages. This movement provided a framework for the American and French Revolutions, as well as the rise of capitalism and the birth of socialism. It is matched by the high baroque era in music, and the neo-classical period in the arts.
The boundaries of the Enlightenment are often thought to cover much of the 17th century as well, though others term the previous era "The Age of Reason". For the present purposes, these two eras are split, however, it is equally acceptable to think of them conjoined together as one long period.
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More on this Website >
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Enlightenment
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John Dee, Scientist
John Dee was a noted British mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and consultant to Queen Elizabeth I. He also devoted much of his life to alchemy, divinati... |
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Simon Stevin, Engineer
Born at Bruges in 1548; died at Leyden in 1620. He was for some years book-keeper in a business house at Antwerp; later he secured employment in the administration of the... |
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Sir Francis Bacon
Sir Francis Bacon achieved fame as an English philosopher, statesman, and essayist. He was knighted in 1603, created Baron Verulam in 1618, and finally created Viscount S... |
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Johannes Kepler, Laws Planetary Motion
Johannes Kepler is now chiefly remembered for discovering the three laws of planetary motion that bear his name published in 1609 and 1619). He also did important work in... |
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Peter Paul Rubens
The Flemish baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens was the most renowned northern European artist of his day, and is now widely recognized as one of the foremost painters in W... |
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Thomas Hobbes
Decades after completing his traditional education as a classicist at Oxford and serving as tutor of William Cavendish, Thomas Hobbes became convinced that the methods em... |
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Diego Velázquez (Velásquez)
Velázquez (or Velásquez), Diego (1599-1660). Spain's greatest painter was also one of the supreme artists of all time. A master of technique, highly individual in style,... |
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Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military leader and politician. After leading the rebellion against the British monarchy (Charles I), he ruled England, Scotland, and Irela... |
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Baroque Music
The English word baroque is derived from the Italian barocco, meaning bizarre, though probably exuberant would be a better translation more accurately reflecting the sens... |
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Stuyvesant, Governor New York - 1646
Peter Stuyvesant, Dutch Governor of New York (the New Netherlands). Born in Holland in 1602; died in New York city in August, 1672. He was the son of a clergyman of Fries... |
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Abel Tasman, Tasmania and New Zealand
Abel Janszoon Tasman was a Dutch seafarer and explorer best known for his voyages of 1642 and 1644, in the service of the VOC (Dutch East India Company). His was the firs... |
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Rembrandt Van Rijn
"Rembrandt never visited Italy but by the time he left his native Leyden to settle in Amsterdam in 1631, he had already been exposed to the latest developments in Baroque... |
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Blaise Pascal, Inventing a Calculator
Blaise Pascal, the French scientist was one of the most reputed mathematician and physicist of his time. He is credited with inventing an early calculator, amazingly adva... |
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Giovanni Cassini, Astronomer
Giovanni Domenico Cassini studied mathematics and astronomy at the Jesuits and became professor of astronomy at Bologna, as well as fortress builder, at age 25. There, he... |
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Christiaan Huygens, Dutch Scientist
Christiaan Huygens came from an important Dutch family. Huygens's first publications in 1651 and 1654 considered mathematical problems. The 1651 publication Cyclometriae... |
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Baruch Spinoza, Dutch Philosopher
A member of the Sephardic Jewish community of Amsterdam, Spinoza received a thorough education in the tradition of medieval philosophical texts as well as in the works of... |
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John Locke
John Locke was a British philosopher, Oxford academic and medical researcher, whose association with Anthony Ashley Cooper (later the First Earl of Shaftesbury) led him t... |
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Robert Hooke, Natural Philosopher
Robert Hooke - natural philosopher, inventor, architect, chemist, mathematician, physicist, engineer. Robert Hooke is one of the most neglected natural philosophers of al... |
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Pierre Bayle, Philosopher
Pierre Bayle was a Huguenot, i.e., a French Protestant, who spent almost the whole of his productive life as a refugee in Holland. His life was devoted entirely to schola... |
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William III of Orange, King of England
Willem III, Prince of Orange, also known as King William III of England, Scotland, and Ireland, was a Prince of the House of Orange-Nassau and Dutch Stadtholder and (join... |
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Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia
Crowned tzar of Russia on April 27, 1682; became Emperor of Russia on October 22, 1721. In 1712 Peter the Great moved the Russian capital to St. Petersburg and continued... |
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Antonio Vivaldi
Although Antonio Vivaldi is well known for his instrumental music, he was also very much engaged with vocal music. His earliest known opera was given in Vicenza in 1713.... |
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Tragedy of the Dodo, Mauritius
In the year 1598 AD, Portuguese sailors landing on the shores of the island of Mauritius discovered a previously unknown species of bird, the Dodo. Having been isolated b... |
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William of Orange Invades England
William of Orange was leader of the Dutch, then in the early stages of a war with the French: the War of the Grand Alliance. Jumping at the chance to add England to his... |
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Voltaire, Author and Philosopher
"Those who can make you believe absurdities
can make you commit atrocities." Francois Marie Arouet (pen name Voltaire) was born on November 21, 1694 in Paris. Voltaire'... |
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Captain James Cook
It happened that in 1766 the Government were looking for a man to command a ship for a cruise to the Pacific with the object of observing the transit of Venus. James Cook... |
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INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
The Industrial Revolution was a period of the 18th century marked by social and technological change in which manufacturing began to rely on steam power, fueled primarily... |
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