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Philosophers
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Anselm of Canterbury, Founder Scholasticism
Anselm of Canterbury was a Benedictine monk, an Italian medieval philosopher, theologian, and church official who held the office of Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to... |
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Algazel (Al-Ghazali), Persian Scholar
Al-Ghazali known as Algazel to the western medieval world, born and died in Tus, in the Khorasan province of Persia (modern day Iran). He was a Muslim theologian, jurist,... |
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Averroes (Ibn Rushd), Muslim Scientist
Abu'l Waleed Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Rushd, known as Averroes in the West, was born in 1128 C.E. in Cordova. He studied philosophy and law from Abu J'afar Har... |
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Saint Bonaventure
Saint Bonaventure was the eighth Minister General of the Order of Friars Minor, commonly called the Franciscans. He was a scholastic theologian and medieval philosopher,... |
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St. Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas, born of a noble family in Rocca Secca, near Aquino in 1225, was to complete the magnificent synthesis of Scholasticism. Thomas Aquinas was the first to... |
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Meister Eckhart, German Theologian
Meister Eckhart, German theologian and mystic. A Dominican from age 15, he studied theology at Cologne and Paris and became a popular preacher and teacher. In his mid 30s... |
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John Hus (Jan Huss), Religious Reformer
John Hus (a.k.a. Jan Huss) was a religious thinker and reformer, born in Southern Bohemia in 1369. He initiated a reform movement based on the ideas of John Wycliffe. His... |
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Nicholas of Cusa, Polymath
Nicholas of Kues, also referred to as Nicolaus Cusanus and Nicholas of Cusa, was a cardinal of the Catholic Church from Germany (Holy Roman Empire), a philosopher, jurist... |
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Leon Battista Alberti, Humanist Polymath
Leon Battista Alberti was an Italian author, artist, architect, poet, priest, linguist, philosopher, and cryptographer, and general Renaissance humanist polymath. Alberti... |
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Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Philosopher
Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola was an Italian Renaissance philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on... |
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Desiderius Erasmus
Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam was a Dutch humanist and theologian. Erasmus was a classical scholar who wrote in a "pure" Latin style. Although Erasmus remained a Roman... |
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Sir Thomas More
Sir Thomas More (later canonized St. Thomas More) is famous for his book Utopia (1515) and for his martyrdom. As Chancellor to Henry VIII he refused to sanction Henry's d... |
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John Dee, Scientist
John Dee was a noted British mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and consultant to Queen Elizabeth I. He also devoted much of his life to alchemy, divinati... |
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Michel Eyquem de Montaigne
French humanist whose motto was "Que sais-je?" ["What do I know?"]. Montaigne's Essais (Essays) (1580, 1588) drew attention to the vain pretensions of human rationality a... |
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Hugo de Groot (Grotius), Jurist
One of the pioneering natural rights theorists of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, Grotius defined natural law as a perceptive judgement in which things are good o... |
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