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Muslims
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Mohammed, The Praised One
Mohammed, "the Praised One", the prophet of Islam and the founder of Mohammedanism, was born at Mecca (20 August?) A.D. 570. Arabia was then torn by warring factions. The... |
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Al-Farabi, Muslim Philosopher
Al-Farabi, Farabi, and Abunaser was a Muslim philosopher and scientist and one of the greatest scientists and philosophers of his time.
Some historians claim Farabi wa... |
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Ibn al-Haytham, Father of Optics
Ibn al-Haytham was an Arab or Persian Muslim polymath who made significant contributions to the principles of optics, as well as to anatomy, astronomy, engineering, mathe... |
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Al-Biruni, Persian Mathematician
Abu Rayhan Biruni was a Persian mathematician, physicist, scholar, encyclopedist, philosopher, astronomer, astrologer, traveller, historian, pharmacist, and teacher, who... |
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Algazel (Al-Ghazali), Persian Scholar
Al-Ghazali known as Algazel to the western medieval world, born and died in Tus, in the Khorasan province of Persia (modern day Iran). He was a Muslim theologian, jurist,... |
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Averroes (Ibn Rushd), Muslim Scientist
Abu'l Waleed Muhammad Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn Rushd, known as Averroes in the West, was born in 1128 C.E. in Cordova. He studied philosophy and law from Abu J'afar Har... |
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Saladin, Opponent of Crusaders
Saladin, Arabic Salah ad-Din, Muslim warrior and Ayyubid sultan of Egypt, the great opponent of the Crusaders, b. Mesopotamia, of Kurdish descent.
Gathering a large f... |
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Rumi, Sufi Mystic
Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi was a great Persian poet and Sufi mystic. His Masnavi-ye Manavi is a 6-volume poem regarded by many Sufis as second in importance only to the Q... |
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Ibn Battutah, Muslim Traveler
Ibn Battuta, Muslim traveler from Tangier. No other medieval traveler is known to have journeyed so extensively. In 30 years (from c.1325) he made a series of journeys re... |
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Zheng He, the Chinese Admiral
In 1405, Zheng was chosen to lead the biggest naval expedition in history up to that time. Over the next 28 years (1405-1433), he commanded seven fleets that visited 37 c... |
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Mehmed II, The Conqueror
Mehmed II (1432-1481), nicknamed the conqueror, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire a short time in 1444 to 1446, and from 1451 to 1481. Mehmed II brought an end to the... |
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Khair ad Din (Barbarossa)
Khair ad Din was an Ottoman-Turkish admiral and privateer who served in the Ottoman Empire and in the Barbary Coast. He was born on the island of Lesbos, in today's Greec... |
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Suleiman I, The Magnificent
Suleiman I, also called Süleyman I and nicknamed the Lawmaker or the Magnificent, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 and successor to Selim I. He was... |
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Shah Jahan, Builder of the Taj Mahal
Shahabuddin Mohammed was the ruler of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent from 1628 until 1658. The name Shah Jahan comes from Persian meaning "King of the World... |
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Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor
Aurangzeb was the ruler of the Mughal Empire in India (1658-1707) and is commonly considered the last of the great Mughal emperors as well one of the most controversial.... |
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